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June McCarroll
June McCarroll (June 30, 1867 – March 30, 1954) is credited by the California Department of Transportation with idea of delineating highways with a painted line to separate lanes of highway traffic, although this claim is disputed by the Federal Highway Administration〔 and the Michigan Department of Transportation〔 as two Michigan men painted centerlines before her.〔 She was born in Lewis County, New York,〔Her parents were in Lewis County, New York, US Census for 1850. 〕〔Her parents were in Lewis County, New York, US Census for 1860 〕 daughter of Nelson and Adaline (Parsons) Whittlesey.〔McCarroll's mother Adaline died December 9, 1867, when McCarroll was only five months old. Adaline is buried in Lewis County, New York. (【引用サイトリンク】work= Findagrave ) McCarroll's father, who died in Los Angeles, is also buried in Lewis County, New York. (【引用サイトリンク】work= Findagrave )〕 She was a nurse (later a physician) with the Southern Pacific Railroad in the early 20th century who is The concept of painting lines to separate lanes is now in use all over the world. According to a historic marker in Indio, California, after a near-collision in her Model T in 1917, "She personally painted the first known stripe in California on Indio Boulevard, then part of U.S. Route 99, during 1917."〔(【引用サイトリンク】work= Signs of History on Waymarking.com )〕
==Early life==
McCarroll was born and raised in the Adirondacks. McCarroll's mother Adaline died December 9, 1867, when McCarroll was only five months old.〔(【引用サイトリンク】work= Findagrave )〕 By the 1880 census, her now remarried father and his family were living in Emporia, Kansas, where he served a time as mayor.〔Unable to locate in 1870 United States census, but found in 1880. 〕 By 1888 her father had abandoned his second wife and son in Kansas and moved to Los Angeles, California, where McCarroll later joined him. On December 31, 1896, June Adaline Whittelsey, age 29, married Timothy Preston Hill, age 36, in Los Angeles, in a ceremony performed by Rev. J. Thomson of the Unity Church. Mr. Hill was a Massachusetts native living in Los Angeles as early as 1888. It was a short-lived relationship, and by 1900 they had separated. The 1900 Los Angeles census shows McCarroll as June Hill, physician, married three years but no husband in household.〔She was living with 76-year-old thrice-married father Nelson Whittlesey. He was listed as married five years, but no spouse in household, either. (While still married to second wife in Kansas, in 1895 he married a third wife in California which ended in separation the same year.) 〕 According to the 1910 census, 1900 was the same year of McCarroll's second marriage to James R. Robertson.〔The 1910 Indio Township, Riverside County, California US census gives James R. Robertson, 39 of Missouri, and his wife June A. W. 42 of New York who was a general practice physician. They were married 10 years, both on second marriages. 〕 As the final divorce from Hill did not take place until November 1915, likely her marriage to Robertson was common-law.
McCarroll attended a medical college in Chicago, then eventually moved back to Southern California in 1904 with her second husband, James R. Robertson.〔 〕 They had hoped that the desert climate would help him recuperate from tuberculosis, but Robertson died in 1914. Within two years, she had remarried, this time to Frank Taylor McCarroll,〔Middle name reference 〕 the local station manager for the Southern Pacific Railroad. From 1907 to 1916, she was the only physician regularly practicing in the vast desert between the Salton Sea and Palm Springs. She was also the only physician serving the five Indian reservations in the area on behalf of the Bureau of Indian Affairs.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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